Installing gabion walls is not much of a complicated task. This mesh features a hexagonal opening. It is the most popular type of gabions used widely. 4. 1. P. With the help of a shovel, clean the site by digging up any grass or plants that may have roots below the surface of the wall. Mark off the location of the gabion wall by using a string line and level. Horizon Excavating is Licensed, Bonded & Insured. Also, these. 6. 4) They can also be used to redirect flood water away from a vulnerable structure. 4. Focus your most detail-oriented attention on and be most conscientious with the outermost layers of rock. Gabion mattresses. Steel wire baskets (cages) are produced in factory with 90x90x90 cm steel wire panel sides and the mesh size is 7. Shanghai Jinnuo Metal Products Co. The basket dimensions are available in the below options. Home;. Put together the gabion basket, using the wired panels. Expect to pay: $52 for a single gabion basket measuring 300 H x 300 W x 600 L. This material is presented for the use of a qualified engineer familiar with traditional procedures for retaining wall design. Find gabion retaining wall services in Launceston now by using our get a quote tool, or you can check out our listings of gabion. Custom Gabions; Deco-Rock Walls; Desert Gabions; Dura-Weld Gabion Mattresses; Dura Weld Gabions – Assembly & Filling Instructions. Gabions are porous, allowing water to run through and prevent pressure build -up that can cause other types of retaining walls to collapse. loadings. See how our team can help! TAP TO CALL 888-521-3832. Post your job in seconds for fast, free responses. The method involves preparing a gabion (1), which is designed as a wire gauze cage. 5m 0. RF2T0T1BA – Gelendzhik, Russia - August 17 2021: Gabion wall building process. H Mesh size:. 2. More. A gabion wall may be utilised in various ways in residential landscaping. It can be a cost-effective retaining wall, attractive addition to existing lawn maintenance, or even a private enclosure. In our experience, this is one type of wall that costs less for walls 3 to 4m or more in height. Several factors will shape the cost of building a gabion wall. These are not suitable for terrace development because of short life. Their structure permits water. The material used to fill the cages determines how porous the wall is, a feature often used to create a natural cooling effect. It will not break even under high stress. The materials required to construct a wall with a 10′ or 12′-high face vary significantly from those required for more enormous walls, even if they are. We specialize in the manufacture, distribution, design and the installation of our products used in the Civil Engineering, Construction, Architectural,. Family Handyman. The gabions will be wired together, using exactly the same method as for assembling single gabions. These walls rely on the use of gabion cages — usually multiple cage sections and fill material. Moreover,. These walls often serve as retaining walls holding banks or hills from shifting. Recall in mind that building a gabion retaining wall is a labor-intensive exercise, hence; factor this into your budget. Retaining walls control runoff water and block wind, thus reducing floods and property damage. If in doubt ask us. They are relatively cheap, at £30-£50 each and by using local random stone or recycled aggregate, generally in chunks 100-200mm, and being very simple to install, the cost is kept to a minimum, compared to masonry or. Builder puts rocks in metal mesh to make gabion wall in. Builders fill the baskets with rocks before using the baskets for coverings of erodible areas. An engineer’s design will consider design limit. With a tensile strength of 1700-1900N/mm2 these are a good method to build gabion walls, however they are still not as strong as spirals. Close the top to ensure the basket is level, but don’t secure the top in place yet. Each stone inside a gabion needs to be carefully hand-set, though some not as carefully as others. Port Arthur Historic Site Penitentiary Installation of gabion baskets to interpret extant footings Get a quote for retaining wall builders in Launceston at iseekplant! iseekplant makes it simple – Find the best retaining wall builders in Launceston. Call 0418 740 471. The cost-effectiveness of building a gabion depends on the above factors, with standard steel mesh costing around $35 per meter. The standard design for a gabion wall is a pyramid. GABION SUPPLY is one of the few AMERICAN owned and managed suppliers of pre-assembled Gabion Baskets and Mattresses. In order to study the engineering behaviors of reinforced gabion retaining wall, laboratory model test was carried out. The cages resemble heavy-duty wire baskets. Wood Retaining Walls 14. DURA-FLEX TM Gabions: 3-1/4" x 4-1/2" - 8x10cm hex shaped mesh openings. Geotas has been supplying gabion baskets to the Tasmanian market for over 15 years now, and judging by the photos we receive from our satisfied customers, we have helped to enhance the aesthetic and structural values of many locations around Tasmania. I. Local materials may be used for filling them, such as wood, and even hardcore, building waste. 28) po eos se vet > os Fig. With Maccaferri GAWAC 3. We can supply any quantity of gabion baskets, no order is too small. They need to be correctly reinforced through bracing, which not only keeps them structurally strong but also neat. (2) Selection of foundation types The types of foundations for a retaining wall are principally classified into spread foundations a) Slope foot protection by gabion wall Road Bedrock Colluvial deposit Gabion wall Road Colluvial. 0, the new software developed for the design and optimization of Gabion Walls, the user will discover the GSC concept, an experimental coefficient that evaluates the long-term performance of the structure. Step 2: Plan Your Gabion Wall. • Box gabions are normally available in. Carbon footprint analyses show that the use of a gabion solution can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 80% compared to a concrete retaining wall of the same height. Compare quick quotes. We offer a wide selection of construction materials to choose from. For a truly unique look, consider adding gabion elements to your retaining wall design. One of the best all-around hardscape elements perfect for just about any landscape is the gabion wall. 2 . Stone Retaining Wall Costs. With years of experience on commercial retaining wall and gabion projects, the WallPro team partners with your team to add value and built-to-last durability to your project. Reinforced earth with gabions supporting a multilane roadway Gabions as X-ray protection during customs inspection. Gabion walls are found on lakeshores and steep slopes to prevent erosion. Gabion Baskets. As a retaining wall contractor, Slaton Bros, Inc. You’ll pay $5 to $100 per square foot for most landscaping walls. The cost to build a retaining wall depends on several factors, but according to Angi and HomeAdvisor, the price ranges from $3,194 to $8,770, with the national average at $5,700. The standard design for a gabion wall is a pyramid. similar units, and filled with stone at the project site to form flexible, permeable, monolithic structures. Gabion 1000mm L x 500mm W x 1000mm H, 100x50mm, AL-TEN. Remove grass and weeds from the building site. Gabion wall have been used widely in the world in numerous erosion control projects, soil reclamation work, stream channels construction and retaining structures (Giani 1992; Kandaris 1999). Gabion construction is fireproof which makes a good choice for outdoor fireplaces for both wood burning and gas. Specific gravity required for the rock fill shall be determined by the design and specified by the design engineer. The sock rack system has the soil base to handle decorative green walls as well as vertical edible gardens. 2. Step 4 - Place the First Row of Gabions. No stone smaller than 4 inches (102 mm) in size will be used. The retaining wall toe prevents the gabion wall sliding forwards, the depth of the toe needs to increase as the wall gets bigger. Select the gabion system based on stability. The system is remarkably simple to install and Hudson Civil Products staff can assist you with any project aspects from. To Find Your Local Gabion Wall Builder Today Call Australian Construction On 1800 155 881. According to Gabion Baskets, the industry standard is 3-foot increments. Step 1) Excavation and foundation. The gabions are strung together after or before bringing the materials for supporting the concrete (5) opposite to one another. The GSC approach combined with PoliMac® coated gabions leads to a reduction of the input material for the construction of the gabion wall and up 40% savings of CO2 emissions. The Benefits of Using SuperNails ™ for Gabion Wall Repair. You can fill these structures with any type. Gabion wall near Aguada's Parque de Colon, built in the late 1980s. A gabion wall is basically a cage shape made up externally of a wire container and filled most usually with rocks. Special Benefits. For additional questions you may have, or when you’re ready to order your gabion baskets or gabion stones, we can be reached at 5377 Elcho Road, Wellandport. Give us a call. Oct 4, 2018 - Find out how and why to save big choosing gabion walls inside or near your zero energy house. Y. Step 1. Step 3:. Gabion wall is very much common nowadays due to its simplicity, speedy construction, and flexibility. $1 $ 0. exterior walls. Sandstone retaining wall cost – $300 to $600 per square metre. The gabion wall builder in Toowoomba uses a mesh to create hexagonal woven mesh gabions. You won't find more professionalism than Custom Gabion Design. It consists of a system of wire mesh “cages” that hold rocks or stones in place. 2 Polymeric Gabions 4 3. Photo by Imbue Design. Gabion walls can be made in virtually any size (within structural limitations. Pros of Gabions. Available in both galfan and stainless steel (304). Gabion walls are constructed not with. Excavate the retained earth back to a safe slope. Build a seating bench with gabion walls on either side, filled with rocks and plants. RF R2A0XG – Gabion walls helping to prevent landslip of some very steep ground, alongside a curving footpath. 1) The cylindrical metal gabion is used to build a foundation or a dam. These include; Size and Scale. Our Gabion Wall Builders Have Over 15 Years Experience Building. The national average cost to install a retaining wall is $6,300, with most Americans paying $3,500 – $9,400. 5×0. Step-by-step instructions. Photo: Credit. Dura-Weld Gabions. 5m 0. 6. [2. It takes a large amount of filler for the cages, though. Unlike traditional retaining walls, gabions can be created with much less material than other methods of building retaining walls. ”. You can create this batter angle by using the base gravel. These permeable walls use galvanized steel wire to withstand outdoor conditions. It is used for hydraulic structures, Culverts, and dams. In addition, it can be used for temporary sediment control in construction zones. AL-TEN Gabion Cages Made in Australia and manufactured in mild steel to a minimum wire coating of 290 grams per m2 which is Aluminium 10% and Zinc 90%. 1 . proprietary or esign-build din Wisconsin. 10. At times it is called a double or triple twist. $1 $ 0. 1. Modern Benches; Gabions can be used to create modern-looking benches that will add a unique look and feel to your property. Ensure that the gabion wall design is based on factual soil investigations. The original article can be found here. Natural stone retaining walls cost $8,500 on average, typically falling between $5,000 and $10,000. Called A Little House in the Forest contrarily to its dimensions and imposing stature, this villa was designed by Barycz and Saramowicz Architectural. For an engineer, knowledge about engineering failures is sometimes more important than knowledge about its successes. Woven mesh gabions. Gabion 1000mm L x 500mm W x 1000mm H, 100x50mm, AL-TEN. Arlene White. Elements of Gabion 3 3. Hudson Civil Products have extensive experience with the system, and have worked with leading Tasmanian contractors who have made the switch to MassBloc ® for many of their retaining wall and earth retention projects. But gabions actually go way back! Step 4) How To Build A Gabion Wall, What Gabion Rock Should I Use? Choose stone such as granite, basalt, blue stone etc in 100-200mm. SuperNails ™ have many advantages over conventional soil nails when repairing gabion retaining walls, including: More cost-effective than standard soil nails. errors, precautions required to build more stable and reliable structures. Step 5: Fill the Baskets. – Experimentally tested and numerically. the built structure with the main building materials being stone gabion walls, wattle and daub panels, wood and mud plaster the tourism center has a community kitchen and a space to display local. At Mainland Aggregates, we supply high-quality 3mm welded mesh gabion baskets that can be used for erosion control, low retaining walls and landscaping features. cambridge@bunker. A series of shaking table tests was carried out on the dynamic performance and working mechanism of a gabion reinforced soil retaining wall under seismic load. However, you can. Call 0418 833 803 for a quote today. We normally suggest the use of unweathered rock, 1. , 1309800825Timber crib, dry stone masonry walls may be provided for hill slope angle less than 30° and, height less than 4 m in low volume roads. A Preliminaries and General Conditions A/1 A/16. Fill the Gabions. Using them, attach the mesh cylinder to the ground. United arab emirates. Shop Alamy Prints Store - Crafted by Experts, Delivered to Your Door. Our kitset gabion prices include all the helicals and bracewire required to assemble the gabions. Gabions are universal for all types of landscape projects and functional features. Step 4. A bit like lego, but with added rocks. One of the things about gabion walls is the general rule I follow of -. 903K views 3 years ago. Like other retaining structures, gabion wall has its advantages and. Height of gabion 1; h 1 = 1000 mm. (1) • 73 S Jensen Rd. 62 x 7. Gabion walls should be used in case of poor 0 0. Choose. So, the transport costs and the associated fuel consumption are reduced dramatically compared to a traditional brick wall. retaining walls of the gabion type. $68 for a single gabion basket measuring 500 H x 500 W x 1000 L. Prefilled 6Gabions / Revet Mattress . Type – Galvanised or Stainless Steel. 5m c depth below drain 0. Whether you need a retaining wall for practical purposes or to enhance the aesthetics of your property, we are here to help. With Maccaferri GAWAC 3. This study addressed the research gap by carrying out a sustainability assessment of different retaining walls while considering cost and environmental impacts at the same time. ] A gabion is a rectangular mattress or box-shaped container made of galvanized wire with or without PVC coating, filled with stones and used as a retaining structure for riverbanks or retaining walls. Backyard Entertaining. The database currently contains over 16,000 EPDs representing a wide range of key construction materials, which includes concrete, gypsum and steel. For advice or assistance with the design of an economical gabion wall, please email our engineer@gabion1. The principal benefit and practical use for gabion walls, as mentioned above, is to reduce or prevent erosion. Step 1: Gather Your Materials and Tools. Assembling the gabion cages. For advice or assistance with the design of an economical gabion wall, please email our engineer@gabion1. info@gabion1. Gabion baskets are easy to assemble and long-lasting, coated with Galfan so they can remain strong and secure for up to 50 years. The design code applicable to gabions is BS EN 1997-. We can build them to a 200mm depth. Technical Specification of Gabion / Revet Mattress Mesh . 0, the new software developed for the design and optimization of Gabion Walls, the user will discover the GSC concept, an experimental coefficient that evaluates the long-term performance of the structure. Our key areas of gabion expertise includes consultation, design and supply to: Civil, Building and Construction, Landscape & Urban Design, Architecture, D. The retaining walls are also used extensively to develop sites for building complexes. 0 x 10. Here are some pro tips, recommendations, and budget-friendly ideas on landscaping, complete yard renovations, and garden maintenance from our talented. Gabions are universal for all types of landscape projects and functional features. Prefabricated Modular Gravity Walls: These walls include crib walls, bin walls, and gabion walls. We service all of Northern. Redbank 4301 QLD. Yes, we can help you with your BACKYARD DESIGN wherever you live! Please contact me here and I will send you over our Pricing for Outdoor Living Design stepped weirs are commonly used for river training and flood control; the stepped design enhances the rate of energy dissipation in the channel, and it is particularly well suited to the construction of gabion stepped wiers. There are easy steps to follow when you’re building the gabion retaining wall in your garden. Soil Bearing and Stability 8. Gabion walls are well suited to Australia’s hot climate providing a passive cooling system by air movement. For advice or assistance with the design of an economical gabion wall, please email our [email protected] walls are sustainable and stable structures that can be used for various projects. Gabion Retaining Wall, Gabion Cladding, Decorative Features and more. One of the major advantages of Gabion walls is that they are extremely easy to install and unlike the regular walls, they don’t take ages to build or construct them. Gabion walls. 3. Builder puts rocks in metal mesh to make gabion wall in mountain parkGabion wall 3ds Max: $1 $ 0. The wall is crack resistant and contours to the grade of the site. Architects prize the gabion wall, traditionally. 5m deep and the top row should be 1m deep. Gabions and geotextiles are normally used together to reduce water velocities and to re-capture river bed sediment in streams. Locally owned and operated by Kurt Bruch who has worked running machinery & producing quality work in the industry for over 35 years and has owned & operated Horizon Excavating for over 20 years. Before you can build a gabion retaining wall, the size and number of gabion baskets need to be designed. of 47. DuraFlex Twisted Mesh Gabion Baskets are available in 11 gauge galvanized wire for most applications and 12 gauge galvanized wire with PVC coating for fresh water and high and low soil acidity applications. 2 : Basket gabion. Gabion is derived from the Italian ‘gabbione’, which means big cage – which is exactly what a gabion retaining wall is. Gabion Basket. They are commonly used in streambanks and areas with steep slopes. If multiple activities are scheduled, the general contractor is to check the importance of the work and plan the proper period to permit each task to finish their respective scope of. Gabion Wire FenceThe walls of this house in Poland by Kropka Studio are covered in gabion baskets filled with the same local limestone used to build nearby castles and churches (+ slideshow). The swimming pool builder in Launceston builds swimming pools indoors or outdoors. GreenTexx Sock Rack System. Screen Mesh Price Wire Mesh Price Wire Mesh Products Price Welded Wire Mesh Price Hexagonal Wire Mesh Price Gabion Mesh Price. Once your gabions are filled and secure, you can add them to the trench. The building of a gabion wall is easier for those without much construction knowledge than that of a parched stone retaining wall. A gabion is a rectangular, columniform or mattress- shaped container filled with soil or rock which can be used to protect bank or build retaining wall (Fig. 3 Filter Media 12 The type of stones will also have an impact on the final cost, as will the gabion retaining wall design: a curved design tends to cost more than a straight one. 3. 10 Kennedy Dr, Cambridge, TAS 7170. Because of this, we supply the essential materials. Usage : Civil Engineering, Road Building. co. When our gabion wall builder in Brisbane builds an architectural gabion entrance in. 5) Stepped gabions improve channel power dissipation. To estimate cost, figure on $35 per cubic yard (a 3-foot-square cage) for standard-gauge galvanized mesh. In fact, for a cubic meter (3. Gabion retaining wall can adoptGabion Supply specializes in supplying materials for building outdoor gabion benches and seating. The average labor cost per hour for brick is $60 to $90. ” Gabions were used for erosion control applications along the Reno River near Casalecchio, Italy, in 1894. Foundation Preparation. Once you have the drawing showing the section and number of and size of blocks, purchase the baskets and begin the build process. RM TR6N3T – gabion fence at a garden, Germany, North Rhine-Westphalia. Building a Gabion Wall – The Steps. These two simple materials are very fa. Gabion walls are among the most intimidating fence ideas, too, and when done right can look very sophisticated. Building retaining walls isn’t necessarily the easiest DIY project, but if you’re eager. 866-391-6295. Gabion walls are retaining walls built by stacking stone in a gabion cage or gabion basket that can serve many purposes but are most often used to create tiered or. Before starting to build your gabion wall, it is important to use safety equipment, including: safety glasses, safety gloves, steel toe cap shoes and a hard hat (if working near machinery or at height). Nowadays, gabion walls are becoming very popular with homeowners to build in their outdoor landscapes. They are filled with cobbles or crushed rock, creating a sturdy and powerful barrier. 2 reviews. In general, for every 1m increase in wall height, the bottom row basket depth should be increased by half a metre. Gabion water feature wall Badec Bros Deco, Pretoria, SA. On cannot just dump stone in the baskets, each. 2. Main office location 7 Tuas South Street 10, Singapore 637096; Customer support +65 8268 6060 +65 6962 6688 +65 6926 8999; MailFill the Gabions. The following are the various applications of gabions. One Stone - Start by pacing larger stones at the bottom and the sides of the gabion, with flat stones facing the walls of the cage. 80. Close the top of the wire fence cage. WisDOT policy item: Retaining walls (such as MSE walls with precast concrete panel facing) that are susceptible toWeigh or tie it down. 3. 5m deep and the top row should be 1m deep. JML Contracts offer a full design, supply and installation package throughout Scotland for all Gabion basket services. Use a garden hoe to level the ground where you want the gabion walls to be installed. We know you need to deliver on time and on budget. Many people are surprised that a gabion retaining wall cost won’t break the bank. In spite of massive structure of Gabion wall there are possibilities Gabions: The cages are typically made of 3-inch mesh, which is sold in a range of sizes. 50m. : 121560, Dubai – UAE. . When constructing gabion retaining walls in strongly acidic soils (PH over 5. 5×0. Or metpost socket through a thick heavy duty paving slab, and use the stone fill to weigh it down. ; Graded: Grading typically costs at least $500. 9 Reasons to Choose Gabion Baskets. My first lovely gabion planter is constructed with simplistic design. Find high-quality stock photos that you won't find anywhere else. gabion wire basket, cages. Counterfort Retaining Walls 12. STEP 2 - PROVIDE A FIRM AND LEVEL BASE. Outdoor Fireplace. 5), the soil and the corrosive groundwater must be separated from the gabion structure by using geotextile fabrics and a properly designed drainage system. Construction costs will differ and typically increase as the size of the gabion wall increases. Cement masonry, RCC walls, Gabion walls shall be considered for high volume roads, high cut slopes and terraces. It is still standard to use 3mm wire thickness for both rows. It is used for the cladding of walls and buildings. Building a Gabion Wall. The wall selection criteria and design policies presented in this chapter are to ensure consistency of standards and applications used throughout WisDOT projects. The materials used, and the skill required to construct one, are not. Gabions should not be taller than 2-3 feet, and no taller than ⅓ to ½ the depth of the channel at the dam’s center point in the middle of the drainage. Building retaining walls, soil stabilization, river training, canal training, hydraulic structure Gabion sacks are used in dam foundations. Herzog & de Meuron’s Dominus Winery. Gabion walls use a cage-like metal structure filled with stone – usually river rock or recycled concrete in varying sizes – for a high level of visual interest. A gabion configurator or a fence gabion configurator is helpful when planning to build gabions yourself. 0 m wide, stacked on top of each other with an offset of 0. Maccaferri gabions are cages which are engineered from double twisted hexagonal woven steel wire mesh. 12 Strengthening Gabion Hooks: To maintain the shape and. Find here Welded Wire Gabion, Gabion Wall manufacturers, suppliers & exporters in India. Gabion Basket: It is a pure wire mesh manufactured in box sizes and various sizes, they are used in highway and railway works. You fold up the sides and secure them with special wire or easy-to-use spiral binders. Gabion Wall Contractors. This gabion planter takes the shape of a staircase. Indoor. Welded gabion wall is commonly made of 4. Enhance Your Outdoor Decor with a Gravel-Filled Gabion Planter. The free EC3 tool simplifies the calculating of embodied carbon emissions for architects, engineers, owners, contractors, suppliers and decision makers and The Ecohome Network fully. A retaining wall made entirely out of brick is known as a “cavity wall”. Advantages. Gabion retaining wall occupy good ratio with respect to cost and effectiveness and also have low environmental impact conditions because the ease of placement, casting is easy to beThese wall cages are bonded together and positioned so they remain stable. Gabion walls are constructed not with. Also, the average labor cost per hour for. There are few examples where gabion walls have been used in building design as structural walls. Under great stress, a gabion basket will deform, buckle or compress very slightly, rather than break. Δ. 4) C Ring. $4 $ 2. These planters provide the garden with a colorful pattern to follow and give your house a fortress feel. Generally, more expensive stones will result in a higher cost of installation. STEP 2 - PROVIDE A FIRM AND LEVEL BASE. It can be a cost-effective retaining wall, attractive addition to existing lawn maintenance, or even a private enclosure. With a tensile strength of 1700-1900N/mm2 these are a good method to build gabion walls, however they are still not as strong as spirals. Between them is a gap that is filled with grout or concrete to create a solid structure. There is no 'surcharge loading' over the 'zone of influence' for the wall. Durable and low maintenance - gabion walls are extremely long lasting, durable, sustainable and no maintenance is required compared to traditional brick walls. Take the stress out of searching for a block of land AS WELL as your dream home with Wilson doing all the hard work for you with an architecturally designed home that fits perfectly on a desirable block of land. one of the new types of retaining wall. Types of Gabion Wall: These walls are selected based on their cost and function, and the common types of gabion wall as follows: 1. Wall Height Overview. Choose a vibrant color that catches the eye, such as yellow, red, or bright green. By distributing the load across an extended area, the stress on the geocell grid and the sub-grade below is greatly. Gabion basket wall is protecting the roadway and bridge. March 27, 2022February 27, 2021 by Maria P. P. The cages are filled with rocks and other construction materials and arranged to form the gabion wall. The experiments comprise: six different stepped-gabion weirs tested in a horizontal laboratory flume, a wide range of discharge values, two weir slopes (V:H): 1:1 and 1:2, and gabion filling. 00 per square foot for leveling. Or, combine a gabion wall with a retaining wall for stunning effect. Use materials of different colors to create patterns like the gray and tan horizontal stripes shown here. Benedict has been supplying Large Sandstone and Basalt Rock, as well as the smaller sized sandstone and basalt spalls into the Sydney market for many years. Cataract Gorge Playground, Launceston Construction of a nature‐based playground for City of Launceston. According to the required conditions, gabions were used in different shapes, e. This ensures that your gabion creations remain stable and durable, whether you're building retaining walls, garden features, or other decorative structures. Incorporating a basic hardscape component of natural stonework or cinder block can greatly alter the look and feel of your home. Find out more about these versatile walls here!. 10. Maccaferri Gabion is a Double-Twisted “DT” wire mesh container of variable sizes uniformly partitioned into internal cells, interconnected with other similar units and filled with stone at the project site to form flexible, permeable, monolithic structures such as mass gravity walls, channel linings, revetments, and weirs for geotechnical, hydraulic and erosion control.